SCJP : Inner Classes

Creating Inner Classes Instances

Non-static inner classes have a hidden reference to the enclosing class instance. This means you must have an instance of the enclosing class to create the inner class. You also have to use a special "new" function that correctly initializes the hidden reference to the enclosing class. The special "new" function is a member of the enclosing class.

public class InnerClassTest {	
	public class ReallyInner {	    
	}	
}
					
					

InnerClassTest o = new InnerClassTest();
InnerClassTest.ReallyInner i = o.new ReallyInner();
					

InnerClassTest.ReallyInner i = new InnerClassTest().new ReallyInner();
					

Example:

public class InnerClassTest {
	public void foo() {
	        System.out.println("Outer class");
	}
	
	public class ReallyInner {
	    public void foo() {
	        System.out.println("Inner class");
	    }
	
	    public void test() {
	        this.foo();
	        InnerClassTest.this.foo();
	    }
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {        
	        InnerClassTest.ReallyInner i = new InnerClassTest().new ReallyInner();
	        i.test();
	}
}
					
					

Inner class
Outer class
					

SCJP 1.5 SCJP 1.6 Inner classes Mock Exam Practice Questions

Questions no -1 
What is the output for the below code ?

public class Outer {
	private int a = 7;
	   
	   class Inner {
	      public void displayValue() {
	         System.out.println("Value of a is " + a);
	      }
	   }
	}


public class Test {
	
	public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
		Outer mo = new Outer();     
		  Outer.Inner inner = mo.new Inner();
		  inner.displayValue();

	}
	
}




options
A)Value of a is 7
B)Compile Error - not able to access private member.
C)Runtime Exception
D)Value of a is 8

Correct answer is : A

Explanations : An inner class instance can never stand alone without a direct relationship to an instance of the outer class.
you can access the inner class is through a live instance of the outer class.
Inner class can access private member of the outer class.

Questions no -2 
What is the output for the below code ?

public class Tech {
	 public void tech() {
	      System.out.println("Tech");
	   }

}


public class Atech {

	Tech a = new Tech() {	      
	      public void tech() {
	         System.out.println("anonymous tech");
	      }
	   };
	   
	   public void dothis() {
		      a.tech();     
		      
		   }

public static void main(String... args){
	Atech atech = new Atech();
	atech.dothis();
}




options
A)anonymous tech
B)Compile Error 
C)Tech
D)anonymous tech Tech

Correct answer is : A

Explanations : This is anonymous subclass of the specified class type.
Anonymous inner class ( anonymous subclass ) overriden the Tech super class of tech() method.
Therefore Subclass method will get called.